Can you really be Addicted to Pornography?

"Addiction" was traditionally reserved for dependencies on substances like alcohol, tobacco, heroin, and other drugs. These are substances that cross the blood-brain barrier and impact brain chemistry.

However, recently, we've understood that one can develop an addiction to certain behaviours. These are now known as behavioural or process addictions. Still, some people hesitate to label them as "addictions," leading to terms like "video game overuse," "pathological gambling," "problematic porn use," and so on. Regardless of the label, what's most important is that those affected receive help. Defining these conditions carries implications for healthcare, economics, and politics.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) is a primary reference tool for recognizing mental health conditions. If a condition is listed in the DSM, it's formally recognized, and the public can seek treatment. There's also a need to regulate any addictive substance once officially listed, but how do you regulate sex and pornography? The DSM-5 does include gambling disorders, and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), issued by the World Health Organization (WHO), has a category called "Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder".

It's noteworthy that the DSM and ICD have been subjects of controversy. For instance, it wasn't until 1994 that the DSM recognized Asperger's Syndrome, and homosexuality wasn't removed until 1973. Yes, homosexuality was considered a mental illness. Today, there is much debate about gender dysphoria and whether or not it is a mental illness. Much of this debate, alas, is social and political. Labels can offer a sense of understanding and reduce stigma for some, but they can also be burdensome and limiting for others.

Some health professionals resist the term "addiction" because it seems to imply a singular approach to treatment. Others might not adhere to the "addiction" model for addressing issues with human sexuality using terms like "hypersexual disorder," "sexual compulsivity," or "out-of-control sexual behaviour"; instead, it's essential to understand that multiple addiction models exist. I tend to take a much more straightforward approach believing that one can be addicted to porn and operate within modified addiction models.

People on the left of the political spectrum often view any sexual act between consenting adults as healthy. They have spent years fighting for sexual rights, and anyone who suggests that porn and masturbation can be unhealthy is vilified. The right, on the other hand, sees it as a moral and ethical issue. Both entrenched positions do not benefit those suffering from this horrible affliction.

In popular culture and media, terms like "sex addiction" and "porn addiction" are becoming more common. However, there's a concern that they might be misused or overdiagnosed. Regardless of the terminology, the paramount consideration should be that individuals receive the appropriate help they need.

Mark Chamberlin

Counsellor/Mentor