Why Quitting Porn Can Be Challenging

Why quitting porn can be challenging?

When discussing pornography, one common question is whether it can become addictive. Many experts in addiction argue that it can indeed lead to addiction.

To understand why, let's look at the concept of Pavlovian conditioning, a fundamental idea in psychology. It shows how our brains can create subconscious connections between seemingly unrelated things, resulting in significant psychological, emotional, and physiological responses.

So, how does this relate to pornography addiction?

Our understanding of behavioural psychology has evolved over the years. Some researchers believe that Pavlovian conditioning might help explain two key mysteries related to addiction and compulsive behaviour:

1. Why do people continue these behaviours despite feeling empty or suffering?

2. Why is it so easy to relapse into these behaviours, even years after quitting?

It's essential to clarify that not everyone who consumes pornography is addicted. While some individuals can develop a genuine addiction to pornography, most consumers do not meet the criteria for addiction. However, it's important to note that the negative effects of pornography consumption can affect individuals regardless of whether they are addicted.

So, what defines addiction? According to the American Society of Addiction Medicine, addiction is a treatable, chronic medical condition characterized by compulsive engagement in substances or behaviours, often persisting despite harmful consequences. In some severe cases, problematic pornography consumption can be classified as an addiction.

Since much of addiction involves changes in the brain, experts have identified four significant brain changes commonly associated with addiction: sensitization, desensitization, hypofrontality, and a malfunctioning stress system. Research suggests that these changes can also be observed in cases of problematic pornography consumption.

This article primarily focuses on sensitization, suggesting that repeatedly engaging in addictive behaviours can create strong memories and associations between the behaviour and surrounding cues. These associations can trigger intense psychological cravings, making it difficult for individuals to resist the behaviour. These connections can persist for years, even after quitting, and apply to pornography consumption. Numerous studies have highlighted the role of sensitization in problematic pornography consumption, similar to substance addiction.

A notable aspect of sensitization is its differentiation between the brain's "wanting" and "liking" components. In the case of pornography, repeated use can lead to the "liking" part of the brain becoming less responsive to its effects while the "wanting" part becomes increasingly entrenched. For example, someone who turns to porn when feeling lonely or bored may experience strong urges to view porn even as its pleasure diminishes.

When combined with other brain changes characteristic of addiction, sensitization makes quitting pornography challenging. However, there is positive news—change is possible. Research and the experiences of many individuals show that the negative effects of pornography can be managed and even reversed over time. Additionally, the brain has the capacity to heal with sustained effort, even in cases of severe addiction.

Understanding guilt can motivate positive change, while shame can worsen problematic porn habits is crucial. Therefore, if you're trying to quit pornography, you must be compassionate and patient with your progress. Like building muscle, the brain becomes stronger and more resilient the longer you abstain from pornography. Consistent effort over time can make a significant difference.